Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease with multifactorial causes of the pancreas. One of them: a sharp violation of the norms of consumption of fatty foods, overeating, alcoholism. Adherence to specific dietary rules for pancreatitis is half the battle of success.
Diet for pancreatitis is designed to replace and supplement the menu with poorly processed substances due to lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients think that nutritional treatment for pancreatitis is no different from diet 5a and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable, as most individuals initially receive long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstone disease, or hepatitis. They are familiar with Tables 5a and 5, which set the necessary nutritional standards for these diseases.
However, if pancreatitis is detected, the diet should be changed to 5a. Changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require the correction of the composition of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". Increased protein content to 150 g (100–120 g at № 5), decreased fat content (at least 70 g at № 5) and carbohydrates (at least 300 g at № 5). The rules for cooking and restricting food choices remain general.
Basic requirements for dietary nutrition
Diet No. 5p does not exclude the use of diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum emptying of the pancreas.
- Only cook, bake, bake or steam food. The method of frying is strictly prohibited.
- In the most acute stage of the disease, grind all the dishes and look at the savings of the damaged organ.
- Medium temperature is required (no sharp fluctuations from cold to heat).
- The patient should be fed a small amount of food, but every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid rich one-time meals, and even eat a lot of diet foods.
- Keep your daily calorie intake to at least 3, 000 kcal.
According to Povzner, the recommended diet tables take into account the options for periods of exacerbation in the absence of pain and subsequent periods, but it is very important to maintain and maintain proper nutrition in pancreatitis.
5p dietary choice with exacerbation of pancreatitis
Clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis (acute pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) in the acute phase do not allow the patient to eat normally. The treatment regimen requires a complete fast for two to four days. You can't drink either; In the first days, the fluid is injected intravenously.
After the cessation of vomiting and pain, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. The goal is to reduce the formation of stomach acid and ensure that all the forces of the pancreas are concentrated in the process of struggle for survival.
Due to the lack of balance, the diet allows no more than two weeks (60 g of protein, 50 g of fat, 200-280 g of carbohydrates, total calories 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The menu of the diet table of a patient with pancreatitis includes pureed cereal soup, liquid cereals in water (semolina and rice are excluded), mashed potatoes or pumpkin (excluding boiled pumpkin (cabbage in any form)), jelly, jelly, pudding). , a few white crackers. Everything is served without fat and cooked. You can drink up to 2 liters of water, hips decoction, less sweet weak tea. After this choice, they switch to the second type of food on the advice of a doctor.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The beginning of an effective recovery process is assessed by the normalization of temperature, a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is expanding, but the maximum norms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are observed. To activate the body's defenses, it is necessary to include a set of vitamins in the existing therapeutic diet. The patient will have to follow this diet for the rest of his life.
Diet for pancreatitis is strictly prohibited:
- fatty meat, fish and rich vegetarian (with cabbage or mushrooms) soups;
- beef and pork, duck fat;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot snacks, sauces, canned food in any form, sausages;
- rich pastries, culinary creams, chocolate, cakes, black bread;
- vegetables for pancreatitis diet does not recommend radishes, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach;
- carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and dishes:
- dried white bread or crackers, dry biscuits;
- steamed, oven-baked, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and meat stew;
- Soups made from grains, you can salt noodles with sour cream;
- non-acidic cottage cheese, hard cheese types;
- butter or vegetable oil should be added directly to the plate, not more than one tablespoon per day;
- semi-liquid porridge boiled in water or diluted milk;
- unsweetened baked apple, jelly or fruit compote;
- Slightly brewed tea with milk or wild rose in broth, with some sweets.
Diet for pancreatitis in remission recommends the following sample menu for the day for a working person:
- Breakfast before work - you can make a steamed protein omelet from two eggs or half of oatmeal in milk, milk tea.
- Breakfast No. 2 (lunch time) - take boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a packet of cottage cheese, be sure to use it if you have a chance to heat it in the microwave at work.
- Light sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - half a plate of vegetarian potato soup, steamed meatballs with mashed vegetables, apple jelly on xylitol.
- Dinner - a piece of boiled chicken, cottage cheese casserole, milk tea.
- Fruit jelly on xylitol at night (no later than 21 hours).
In addition to eating unpeeled vegetables and fruits to make sure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and there is no inflammation after the examination, it is possible to expand the diet only with the consent of the doctor.